Electric buses powered by renewable energy
Activity context
​Given the high emissions of transit in Yogyakarta and Indonesia as a whole, electric mobility (e-mobility) is a priority area for potential Article 6 activities. Currently, the Provincial Transport Agency of Yogyakarta is planning to pilot three electric feeder buses in partnership with Trans Jogja in 2024 through the Malioboro district, a popular tourist and shopping area of central Yogyakarta. However, the buses would not be powered with a dedicated renewable energy installation, limiting the
mitigation benefits of the feeder activity, given Indonesia’s high percentage of fossil fuels in the energy mix. The transport agency also lacks the funding to implement the project as planned, partially due to impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on city and provincial budgets.
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Activity concept
The envisioned Article 6 activity proposes converting all 128 diesel buses of the Trans Jogja fleet to electric buses, powered by renewable energy. The electric buses will be introduced gradually as the existing buses reach end-of-life, with charging stations introduced over time, as well. The activity will span 15 years, with 26 buses and 6-7 charging stations introduced each year for the first five years (a total of 128 buses and 32 charging stations).
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Practicalities
To achieve significant emission reductions, the buses must be charged with renewable energy. As there is not sufficient space within the dense urban area to install sufficient solar PV capacity, renewable energy will be procured for the buses through green certificates, accounting for additional PV installed offsite that generates as much or more energy than the buses consume.
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Mitigation potential
The mitigation potential of this activity totals about 154,000 tCO2e over 15 years.
154,000 tons of CO2e would be reduced from this activity
At this scale, the activity is anticipated to produce 154,000 ITMOs total over a 15-year crediting period, as well as approximately €75,000 in cost savings.
Activity overview
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In local consultations, stakeholders identified the Ngabean parking area as a potential site for a bus depot with charging stations within the heart of the city. To ensure no negative environmental impacts, the retired diesel buses and e-bus batteries will be disposed of properly.
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An overview of the activity design can be seen in the following figure:
Source: Perspectives Climate Research 2024
Role of stakeholders
Recent stakeholder consultations in Yogyakarta have already defined crucial roles within the activity design. The Yogyakarta Provincial Transport Agency has agreed to serve as the main managing government agency. PT AMI, the government-owned enterprise operating Trans Jogja, will serve as the coordination and management entity. Further roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders will be defined at a later stage.
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An overview of the roles of various stakeholders in each component can be seen in the following figure:
Source: Perspectives Climate Research 2024
Implementation stage
We have successfully completed the assessment and development phases of this activity, and we are now in the outreach phase.
We are currently laying the groundwork for a robust implementation framework, with a focus on establishing clear coordination among various stakeholders. As we progress, we will continue to provide updates on the implementation status, offering transparent insights into our achievements and the evolving landscape of the project.
Assessment
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Selection of provinces and calculations of emission structures
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Identification of urban mitigation activities
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Assessment of Article 6 potential
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Stakeholder consultations
Development
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Development of methodology
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Development of two project documents: concept activity overview and Mitigation Activity Idea Note (MAIN)
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Development of activity marketing material
Outreach
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Domestic awareness and training
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Promotion of activity with international funders
Are you interested in this activity?
​If you are interested in exploring partnership opportunities or purchasing ITMOs, we encourage you to reach out to Sonja Butzengeiger at butzengeiger@perspectives.cc
You can also download our activity concept document below.